30

20

10

Biological

1. Determine the nature and inventory of organic carbon compounds

2. Investigate the chemical building blocks of life (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur

3. Identify features that may represent the effects of biological processes (biosignatures)

Geological

4. Investigate the chemical, isotopic, and mineralogical composition of the Martian surface and near-surface geological materials

5. Interpret the processes that have formed and modified rocks and soils

Planetary process

6. Assess long-timescale (i.e., 4-billion-year) Martian atmospheric evolution processes

7. Determine present state, distribution, and cycling of water and carbon dioxide